Although laser machining systems can differ in their layout and their application, they generally share a typical component set.
Laser machining system components include:
Process site
This is the enclosed area in which the material is processed.
Laser light source
The laser light source (laser head) provides photon energy with which to process materials. Selecting the appropriate laser type for your application is essential to achieving the desired results. Different types of lasers have distinct applications.
Beam delivery system
The beam delivery system (BDS) directs the laser energy to the material under process. The BDS determines laser power density on target and the size and shape of the laser beam on the target.
Part handling and motion control system
The part handling system is typically an X,Y table that positions parts beneath the laser beam. Z-axis motion is used to focus the beam at the delivery site. Rotary stages provide lathe-style operations. You can incorporate part loading systems with a part handling system to integrate robotics or conveyors.
The motion control system controls the part handling system. The motion control system is sometimes used for articulated beam positioning relative to the process material.
Control electronics
The control electronics include a system CPU, the motion control electronics and the laser operator controls. The electronics control the hardware and software that allow you to automate many system functions, providing laser beam delivery and part handling system integration.
Laser support equipment
Laser support equipment includes:
Structure and enclosure
The laser machining system structure must mechanically integrate all of the system components. It must be designed for rigidity and thermal stability to ensure stable beam pointing. Systems range from tabletop size to footprints of many square meters. Safety enclosures and interlock systems prevent operator exposure to laser radiation.